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| | Community Psychiatry in China | | 2005-2-22 0:29:18 Chinese Society of Psychiatry Zou Yizhuang M.D,Ph.D |  Community Psychiatry
China started has developed community psychiatry since the late of 1950s. Large cities have gradually established community mental health centers or clinics, where doctors or nurses were trained in psychiatry hospital to provide mental health service in community. In Beijing, for example, there are mental health centers in each residency district, towns and villages, psychiatrists or nurses give the consultation and medication to patients and followed up them. They may visit patient family to make sure that they were under the treatment of medication. There are clinics, day care centers, family beds and welfare factories in urban area.
Since 1980s, China has made large progress in exploring MH service in community, psychosocial rehabilitation, family therapy and psychological education for patients and families have been applied. Up to the end of 2000, there were 2609 community occupational treatment stations and 110,000 family beds for psychiatric rehabilitation according to government report. The WHO/Five Chinese City Family Education Project taken the lead by Shanghai got the Alexander-Gralnick Award rewarded from the WAPR.
In 1991, 1996 and 2001 the State Council passed The Eighth, Ninth and Tenth Five-year-plan Outline of Chinese Handicapped Enterprise. Based on this, the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Civil affaire and Ministry of Public Security and Chinese Federation of Handicapped formulated and carried out the national application program of psychiatric precaution, treatment and rehabilitation which got significant effects. According to government report, till 1995, in 64 cities and towns with 70 million population, 90% of 450,000 psychotics were monitored, marked improvement was rate 60%, trouble-making rate declined 8%, and more than 6000 patients were freed from being locked (these patients were mainly in rural area and were locked for years after years because of mentally ill and had no money to treat); by the end of 2000, in 243 cities and towns with 0.2 billion population, 93% of psychotics were monitored, marked improvement rate 71.6%, trouble-making rate declined to 0.21%, providing social, open and comprehensive rehabilitation for 1.2 million psychotics.
The Tenth Five-year-plan from 2001 to 2005 will promote a comprehensive prevention, treatment and rehabilitation model. In 551 cities and towns within 0.4 billion population, 2.4 million psychiatric patients will be covered by the system. The patients monitoring rate will be 90%, marked improvement rate 60%, trouble-making rate declined to 0.5%, and to reduce the disability of psychosis, create more occupational position for mentally rehabilitated people and provide ways to normal social life.
The Psycho-social-biological medical model was introduced into China during the 1980s. Some professors from Western Countries lectured and helped China to exchange to the new model in mental health service. But it takes time to change the system and the ideation of people. Medication and hospitalization are still the most important solution for severe mental disorders.
In large general hospitals, psychological counseling clinic was established because of the requirement by government, and most physicians in the clinics are neurologist or internist with limited training of psychology and psychiatry.
In general, Chinese community psychiatry has achieved encouraged improvement in the last decades, but compare to the development of Western countries and the development of the economy and society, it grows relatively slow and still far from satisfaction in terms of service distribution and level.
(Edited by Shuping,Tan) | | [CLOSE] |
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Ministry of Health, (2003) No.013
ICP:No.040657